Importance
The chapter on "control and coordination" is assigned a weightage of \(3\) to \(7\) marks, highlighting its significance in the overall curriculum. Understanding this chapter will enhance the general view of movement in plants, animals, controlled movements, and coordination of movements.
- Section A or B (\(1\) mark or \(2\) mark) - One question
- Section C or D (\(3\ \)mark or \(4\) mark) - One question
Learning outcomes
Nervous system in animals and humans
- Movement and nervous system overview: This includes an introduction to movement in plants and animals, controlled movements, and the fundamentals of the human nervous system.
- Nervous system structure and function: A discussion on the classification of the CNS and PNS, the structure and function of the human brain, as well as neuron structure, types, and nerve impulse transmission.
Receptors and hormones
- Coordination and reflexes: This covers the neuromuscular junction, conduction of nerve impulses, and reflex action with the reflex arc.
- Receptors and endocrine system: This includes an introduction to receptors, sensory receptors, types of endocrine glands, and their functions.
- Hormones and feedback mechanisms: This covers an overview of endocrine glands, hormones, and the positive and negative feedback mechanisms regulating them.
Control and coordination in plants
- Control and coordination in plants: This includes an overview of plant movements such as tropism (with its types) and nastic movements, along with the differences between tropic and nastic movements.
- Plant hormones: An introduction to plant hormones, their types (auxins, cytokinin, gibberellins, abscisic acid, ethylene), and their physiological effects.
- Tropism and hormonal influence: A detailed discussion on various tropisms (geotropism, thigmotropism, hydrotropism, chemotropism) and how plant hormones regulate these movements.