Assertion and Reason:
 
1. Assertion: The blue-black colour appears when iodine is added to test tube A.

Reason: Saliva contains hydrochloric acid, which reacts with starch to give a blue-black colour.
 
2. Assertion: Villi decrease the surface area for nutrient digestion in the small intestine.

Reason: Villi are long and finger-like projections inside the large intestine.