Explain how a nephron is structured and how it functions in excretion.
a. The kidney is composed of filtering units called a .
b. Blood enters the kidney from the aorta through the .
c. Then, the renal artery divides further, forming the afferent renal arterioles. The afferent renal arteriole enters the nephron through .
d. The glomerulus and the Bowman's capsule together form the . The blood entering the glomerulus carries wastes that are filtered in the Bowman's capsule. Efferent renal arteriole takes the blood and leaves from the glomerulus.
e. The Bowman's capsule extends further as a long tube that is highly coiled, called the . Then it goes downwards and again upwards as a U-shaped loop called the .
f. The loop of Henle become coiled as a that reaches and joins the collecting duct. Tubes from different nephrons converge into the collecting duct, which finally goes to the ureter.